(1) Scrubbing and dipping

A simpler method of scrubbing is to wipe the glass surface with absorbent cotton, lens paper, rubber roller or brush, water, alcohol, decontamination powder, chalk, etc. To prevent the glass from being scratched during scrubbing, remove the residual decontamination powder and chalk from the surface with pure water and ethanol. Another common method is to place the glass in a solvent-filled container for immersion cleaning. After soaking for a certain period of time, use the tweezers or other special fixtures to take out the cleaned glass and dry it with a cotton cloth. This method requires simple equipment, convenient operation and low cost. The organic solvent used for washing is ethanol, acetone, carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, iso-alcohol, toluene, and the like. In addition to the use of solvents to dissolve contaminants, chemical reactions of solvents and glass surfaces can also be utilized to clean surfaces, such as pickling and caustic washing.

(2) Jet cleaning

In order to improve the cleaning efficiency, a spray cleaning method is commonly used in production, and a moving fluid is applied to the surface of the glass to shear the adhesion of the contaminant to the surface of the glass, and the contaminant is removed from the surface of the glass and then carried away by the fluid. Usually, a fan-shaped nozzle is used, the nozzle is installed close to the glass, the distance from the glass surface is not more than 100 times the diameter of the nozzle, and the injection pressure is 350 kPa. The greater the pressure, the better the cleaning effect. In view of reducing the cost, the hot water, the detergent-containing aqueous solution, the tap water, and the deionized water are generally used as a solvent for jet cleaning.

2, heat treatment

Heat treatment is a relatively simple surface cleaning method that removes organic contaminants adhering to the glass surface and adsorbed moisture, such as heating under vacuum, and the effect is better. Generally, the glass is heated and cleaned at a temperature of 100-400 ° C, and heated to 450 ° C under an ultra-vacuum to obtain an atom-level clean surface. A resistance wire type high temperature flame heating method can be employed. Repeated "flashing", that is, heating to a high temperature in a short cycle (several seconds), repeated "flashing" can successfully clean the surface, and avoid the diffusion and volatilization of some components of the glass surface.

3, organic solvent vapor degreasing

The surface of the glass is treated with an organic solvent vapor to remove the grease film on the glass surface within 15 s to 15 minutes, which serves as a finishing step. Commonly used organic compounds are ethanol, isopropanol, trichloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride and the like. When the surface contamination of the glass is relatively serious, the organic compound is washed with a detergent before the vapor treatment of the organic compound to shorten the degreasing time of the organic solvent vapor. The glass treated by this method is electrostatically charged and easily adsorbs dust, so it must be treated in ionized clean air to eliminate static electricity.

4, ultrasonic cleaning

Ultrasonic cleaning is to place the glass in a stainless steel container containing a cleaning solution. The bottom or side wall of the container is equipped with a transducer to convert the input electromagnetic oscillation into mechanical oscillation, and the glass is cleaned under low frequency or high frequency ultrasonic vibration. At low frequencies, cavitation in the vibrating liquid removes coarse particles from the dirty glass surface. High cavitation will damage the glass surface, so carefully control the output power at low frequencies.

5, discharge treatment

The two pieces of glass are clamped together, and the tin foil is clamped at both ends and energized, that is, discharged along the surface of the glass to remove foreign matter on the surface. The most practical application is glow discharge. The discharge voltage is 500-5000V in argon, oxygen and other gases, plasma is generated, the glass is placed in the plasma, and the electrons, cations, excited atoms and Molecular bombardment makes the surface clean. This method is commonly used for the cleaning of glass substrates during coating.

6, ultraviolet radiation treatment

The surface of the glass is irradiated with ultraviolet rays to decompose hydrocarbons such as hydrocarbons on the surface of the glass, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning. A clean surface can be obtained by irradiating the glass with ultraviolet light for 15 hours in the air. If the energy of the ultraviolet light is increased, the glass Imin can be irradiated with ultraviolet light having an ozone wavelength to produce a good effect, because the dirt on the surface of the glass is dissociated by the ultraviolet excitation, and interacts with the highly active atomic oxygen in the ozone. , generating volatile H2O, CO2 and N2, causing the dirt to be removed.

7, ion bombardment treatment

Ion bombardment, or ion etching, ion sputtering, is commonly used in surface testers to clean the surface of a sample. The commonly used sputter ion is Ar+, which is accelerated by an ion gun. The sputtered Ar+ gradually strips off the surface contaminants, and as the sputtering time increases, the depth of the stripped surface layer increases. While bombarding the glass stains with high-energy ions, some of the composition of the glass surface itself is also etched, so proper sputtering speed and sputtering time should be controlled to obtain a clean glass surface without affecting the original surface. Composition and structure.

8, dry ice cleaning

The dry ice granules are ground into fine powder, mixed with compressed air by a jet cleaning machine, and sprayed onto the surface of the object to be cleaned, which acts like a scraper to quickly peel off and remove the dirt. The advantage of this method is that there is no pollution to the environment, the speed is fast, the efficiency is high, the cost is low, the operation is simple, and the cleaning medium does not remain on the surface of the object to be cleaned, and no further cleaning and drying are required.