First, the antique counterfeit

In the identification of ancient Chinese bronze mirrors, the identification of antique mirrors is an important aspect, especially the fact that some antique mirrors are realistic and difficult to identify. At present, there are a certain number of antique mirrors in the bronze mirrors collected in various parts of China, and few people have studied this aspect. Fortunately, Mr. Cheng Changxin, the late expert of cultural relics appraisal, specially discussed in his monograph "Bronze Mirror Appreciation". His research has greatly helped us identify antique mirrors.

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To identify antique mirrors, we must first understand the type of mirrors and the era of mirrors, especially to find out the characteristics and laws of mirrors in different eras.

Second, the era of mirroring

The era of so-called mirrors includes two aspects. First, when will China start making antique mirrors? The second is the mirror of imitation in the mirror?

One opinion is that the bronze mirror antiques began from the Tang Dynasty. After the Song Dynasty, courts and folk antique mirrors prevailed, and mirrors of various styles were imitation. One view is that antique mirrors began in the Song Dynasty, and the Tang Dynasty did not imitate Han mirrors. The imitation Han mirrors began in the Song Dynasty. Another opinion is that Song does not imitate Chinese mirrors. Many Song-like Han mirrors that have been considered in the past are actually mirrors of the Ming Dynasty.

Judging from the era of mirroring, there are many different opinions. It can be seen that researching and identifying mirrors is a top priority for the vast number of cultural relics and archaeologists. Because it involves identification, collection, acquisition, sale, etc., it must be done with caution.

Third, the imitation method

As far as we know, imitation mirrors are nothing more than two methods. One is to use the early mirror to directly flip the mold, and the other is to use the stencil to simulate the mold. The former is simple in method, easy to make, easy to identify, easy to say, and difficult to say. Difficulty. Because the original mirror pattern, inscriptions are clear, and the lines are smooth, the mirrors are directly turned. Although the mirrors are the same, they are often decorated with inscriptions and inscriptions, and the lines are not smooth. At first glance, the feeling is different and easy to identify. However, there are some real mirrors. Due to the age, the production is not refined, the inscriptions and patterns are also blurred, and some imitation mirrors are also good, so it is not easy to use these standards to determine the mirrors. In the case of the same mirror type, ornamentation and inscription, it is also necessary to pay attention to the copper of the bronze mirror and the thickness of the mirror body.

It is more complicated to use the original mirror as a model to simulate the mold. There are at least two situations. One is that the original mirror pattern and the inscription are imitation on the model. Although the bronze mirror is different in shape, the inscription and the ornament are similar. It needs to be compared to determine whether it is a mirror. The second is that although the original mirror is used as the transcript, but the cast-in-the-shoulders have added carvings and inscriptions, the mirrors that have been cast have some inconsistencies with the era of inscriptions, such as the Chinese Mirror but the common inscriptions in the Ming Dynasty mirrors; Some shapes and patterns vary. As long as you are familiar with Chinese bronze mirrors, such mirrors are easy to identify.

In different eras, Bronze Mirrors have different characteristics and will be influenced by politics, economy, ideology, culture and customs at that time. What is the mirror, what about the mirror? We believe that although the mirror has the characteristics of a true mirror, it is not a product of that era. It must inevitably reveal some characteristics of the era in which the mirror is located. It is extremely important to summarize the characteristics of the mirror in different eras.